Similarities between DEET and
Agent Orange
Agent Orange is a roughly 1:1
mixture of the herbicides 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T (Wikipedia: Agent Orange). Conversely,
DEET is an insect-repellent, and not a herbicide (Wikipedia: DEET).
Short Name |
Full Chemical Name |
Molecular Formula |
Structural
Formula |
|
Agent
Orange |
2,4-D |
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (Hill) |
C8H6Cl2O3 |
|
2,4,5-T |
2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic
acid (Hill) |
C8H5Cl3O3 |
|
|
DEET |
N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide |
C12H17NO |
|
DEET and Agent Orange are
both organic molecules, but the similarities end there. All three compounds do contain a benzene
ring, but 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T have drastically different chains than DEET. Both Agent Orange compounds contain chlorine
and an acetic acid chain (carboxyl group), while DEET contains a nitrogen
chain.
2,4-D is still the most
widely used herbicide today, and is approved for use by the FDA and European
Union (32001L0103). Both 2,4-D and its relatives are artificial
versions of plant hormones and thus can be very efficient selective herbicides
(Wikipedia: Agent Orange). The
controversies associated with Agent Orange are attributed to the production
mechanism of 2,4,5-T, which can create a deadly byproduct, tetraclorodioxin, if
temperature is not carefully controlled (Simple Molecules in the
Environment). It was tetraclorodioxin,
not the active ingredients in Agent Orange, which caused problems during the
Vietnam War. Neither 2,4,5-T nor 2,4-D
is not thought to have significant mammalian health hazards.
Conclusion: Agent Orange and DEET are not the same
compound. Because the body will break
down the two compounds differently, one cannot conclude that DEET is harmful to
humans because of toxicities associated with Agent Orange.
--Isaac Levy
Bibliography
“2,4,5-T (Agent Orange).” Simple Molecules in the
Environment. 26 Aug. 2005 <http://www.ch.ic.ac.uk/rzepa/mim/environmental/html/245t_text.htm>.
“32001L0103.” Addition of 2,4-D to
Active Substances. 28 Nov 2001. European Union Commission . 26 Aug. 2005
<http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/lex/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32001L0103:EN:HTML>.
“Agent Orange.” Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia.
16 Aug 2005.
26 Aug 2005 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agent_Orange>
“Deet.” Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. 13 Aug 2005. 26 Aug 2005
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deet>
“EU 2,4-D Hazard Report.” 28 Nov 2001. European Union
Commission . 26 Aug. 2005 <http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/plant/protection/evaluation/existactive/list1_2-4-d_en.pdf>.
Hill, Brian. “The UM-BBD
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Pathway.” 15 Dec 1997. University of
Minnesota. 26 Aug. 2005 <http://umbbd.ahc.umn.edu:8015/umbbd/servlet/pageservlet?ptype=p&pathway_abbr=2,4,5-t>.